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Possesives: Familial

For better understanding, it is recommended that you read this page after the page on Honorifics.

Sapient Beings

To indicate familial relationship, e.g., "my mom," "your dad," "his sister," etc., for a sapient being, one applies the appropriate honorific to the family word as can be seen in the following examples. The possessor is implied.

H
Kryptonese / te /  :: 
IPA [ te ]  :: 
Font H
Description: 1st Person Singular
J
Kryptonese / kah /  :: 
IPA [ ]  :: 
Font J
Description: 1st Person Plural
N
Kryptonese / ni /  :: 
IPA [ ni ]  :: 
Font N
Description: 2nd Person
B
Kryptonese / cheh /  :: 
IPA [ ʧɛ ]  :: 
Font B
Description: 3rd Person

The Basics

Translation: Open     Gloss: Open Pop-up
.nan 
.nahn
nɑn
is
C 
zhehd
ʒɛd
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
w
[Obj]
Éú 
Éú
je.ju
mother
She* is a mother.
.nan 
.nahn
nɑn
is
C 
zhehd
ʒɛd
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
w
[Obj]
Éú,H 
Éú,te
je.ju te
mother Hon. (1st. Fam.)
She* is my mother.
.nan 
.nahn
nɑn
is
C 
zhehd
ʒɛd
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
w
[Obj]
Éú,J 
Éú,kah
je.ju kɑ
mother Hon. (1st. Plur. Fam.)
She* is our mother.
.nan 
.nahn
nɑn
is
C 
zhehd
ʒɛd
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
w
[Obj]
Éú,N 
Éú,ni
je.ju ni
mother Hon. (2nd. Fam.)
She* is your mother.
.nan 
.nahn
nɑn
is
C 
zhehd
ʒɛd
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
w
[Obj]
Éú,B 
Éú,cheh
je.ju ʧɛ
mother Hon. (3rd. Fam.)
She* is their mother.

With Names

Names also take these honorifics when a family relationship is being emphasized or acknowledged.

With Names

Translation: Open     Gloss: Open Pop-up
.nan 
.nahn
nɑn
is
C 
zhehd
ʒɛd
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
w
[Obj]
,sAli,H 
,sali,te
.li te
Sally Hon. (1st. Fam.)
She* is [my relation] Sally.
.nan 
.nahn
nɑn
is
C 
zhehd
ʒɛd
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
w
[Obj]
,sAli,N 
,sali,ni
.li ni
Sally Hon. (2nd. Fam.)
She* is [your relation] Sally.

Explicit Possessors

An explicitely named possessor simply precedes the honored noun in the sentence. The family relationship can be implicit when naming both possessee and possessor, or it can be explicit by stating the relationship after the honorific.

Explicit Possessors

Translation: Open     Gloss: Open Pop-up
.nan 
.nahn
nɑn
is
C 
zhehd
ʒɛd
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
w
[Obj]
C 
zhehd
ʒɛd
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
Éú,B 
Éú,cheh
je.ju ʧɛ
mother Hon. (3rd. Fam.)
She* is his* mother.
.nan 
.nahn
nɑn
is
C 
zhehd
ʒɛd
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
w
[Obj]
,jan, 
,jahn,
ʤɑn
John
Éú,B 
Éú,cheh
je.ju ʧɛ
mother Hon. (3rd. Fam.)
She* is John's mother.
.nan 
.nahn
nɑn
is
C 
zhehd
ʒɛd
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
w
[Obj]
,jan, 
,jahn,
ʤɑn
John
,sAli,B 
,sali,cheh
.li ʧɛ
Sally Hon. (3rd. Fam.)
She* is John's [family member] Sally.
.nan 
.nahn
nɑn
is
C 
zhehd
ʒɛd
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
w
[Obj]
,jan, 
,jahn,
ʤɑn
John
,sAli,B 
,sali,cheh
.li ʧɛ
Sally Hon. (3rd. Fam.)
Éú 
Éú
je.ju
mother
She* is John's mother, Sally.

If you are naming the possessor, do not forget to still add the honorific title! Failing to add it can be very insulting.

Non-Sentient Beings

Since honorifics don't apply to non-sentient beings, these types of possessives always take the form of a familial possessive with a named possessor--minus the honorofic, of course. In fact, this is the very reason that leaving off the honorific in the above examples would be so insulting—it is essentially calling both members represented in the utterance an animal or worse.

Non-Sentients

Translation: Open     Gloss: Open Pop-up
.nan 
.nahn
nɑn
is
F 
ghao
ʝa͡ʊ
Pron. (3rd Neut. Non-sentient)
W 
w
[Obj]
F 
ghao
ʝa͡ʊ
Pron. (3rd Neut. Non-sentient)
Éú 
Éú
je.ju
mother
She is its mother.
nan 
 
nɑn
is
F 
 
ʝa͡ʊ
Pron. (3rd Neut. Non-sentient)
W 
 
[Obj]
,spat, 
 
spɑt
Spot
Éú 
 
je.ju
mother
She is Spot's mother.

Putting it all together...

I am assuming you have now read the Alienable and Inalienable possessives pages in addition to this one. If so, here is a little example sentence that contains every type of possessive. Enjoy!

Example: Every Possessive—One Sentence

Translation: Open     Gloss: Open Pop-up
.nan 
.nahn
nɑn
PRS\be
gEmzet 
gemzeht
gem.zɛt
today
W 
w
OBJ
,jan, 
,jahn,
ʤɑn
John
,sAli,B 
,sali,cheh
.li ʧɛ
Sally 3.POSS.HON
Éú 
Éú
je.ju
mother
CV 
zhehdiv
ʒɛ.div
N\3.POSS
fun 
fun
fun
dog
ukr 
ukr
u.kɹ̩
father
i 
i
i
POSS
:zet 
:zeht
.zɛt
day
gAvRiged 
gavrrigehd
gæv.rig.ɛd
birth-NMLZ
Today is John's mother Sally's dog's father's birthday.

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